The Ministry of Agriculture veterinary bureau of the Ministry of agriculture bulletin, 627th, 850th, 784th announcement announcement Announcement No. 894th, No. 910th, 2005 edition of "Notice of the people's Republic of China Veterinary Pharmacopoeia", 2003 edition and the 2006 edition of "the national veterinary drug quality standards" to be published 159 kinds of aquatic animal use medicines for cleaning, abolished the quality uncontrollable, curative effect is not exact or clinical toxicity, side effect is big variety.
The Ministry of Agriculture approved aquaculture drugs including anti microbial drugs, Chinese herbal medicine, antiparasitic agent, disinfectant, environment modifier, vaccine, reproductive and metabolic regulation drugs a total of 7, through the review and the Ministry of agriculture in the 1435th announcement, Announcement No. 1506th, No. 1759th and No. 1960th in 2010 announcement and the announcement of the Chinese version of "the people's Republic of China Veterinary Pharmacopoeia" to be published with a total of 104 species of aquatic medicine, and makes clear the object application in aquaculture.
A, anti microbial drugs
Antimicrobial drug is mainly used for the prevention and treatment of aquatic animal diseases caused by viruses, bacteria and fungi infection. It is aquaculture drugs most widely, the most types of drug application. According to different sources, antibacterial drugs include antibiotics and synthetic antibacterial medicine.
Antibiotics is caused by bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes, animal and plant produced in the process of life activity of a kind of secondary metabolites or its artificial derivatives. Many types of antibiotics, but so far, the Ministry of Agriculture approved the production and use of aquaculture with antibiotics has a total of 3 kinds of 4 varieties, respectively, of aminoglycoside neomycin sulfate powder (aquatic), tetracyclines doxycycline hyclate powder (aquatic), amide florfenicol powder (aquatic), thiamphenicol powder (aquatic).
Synthetic antibacterial drugs including sulfonamides and quinolones two categories. The sulfonamides broad antibacterial spectrum, the price is more economic, the aquaculture industry is one of the most commonly used antibacterial drugs. It was listed as the aquatic species include compound sulfamethazine powder (aquatic), compound sulfamethoxazole powder (aquatic), sulfadiazine compound powder (aquatic), sulfamonomethoxine sodium powder (aquatic) 4 varieties. To anti bacteria effect by inhibiting bacterial DNA gyrase quinolones, has the characteristics of wide antimicrobial spectrum, strong antibacterial activity, convenient administration, and no cross resistance to commonly used antimicrobial agents such as drugs, one of the most widely used is the aquatic animal disease prevention, including enrofloxacin powder (aquatic), norfloxacin powder (used in aquaculture), niacin norfloxacin premix (aquatic), flumequine powder, norfloxacin lactate soluble powder (aquatic), norfloxacin and berberine hydrochloride premix (aquatic) and ciprofloxacin hydrochloride and berberine hydrochloride premix total 7 varieties.
Two, Chinese herbal medicine
Chinese herbal medicine is processed or unprocessed medicinal plant, animal or mineral control aquatic animal diseases and improving aquatic animal body, which accounted for the majority of plant medicine, the use of plant roots, stems, leaves, flowers, fruit or whole plant medicine. Chinese herbal medicine has a natural, safe, mild drug effect and other advantages, and its chemical composition is very complex, the main effective components including alkaloids, glycosides, volatile oil, tannin etc.. The virus, bacteria, fungi, parasites are effective, and also growth and improvement effects on animal meat. At present the common Chinese herbal medicine in the prevention and treatment of diseases in aquaculture with rhubarb, Scutellaria, phellodendron, Radix Isatidis, Rhizoma Coptidis, gallnut, dyers woad leaf, betel nut, gardenia and Radix Sophorae Flavescentis etc.. Traditional Chinese medicine type of current national standard in aquatic medicine has 45 products, according to the functions can be divided into antibiotic, kill parasites and regulate the body class class.
Antibacterial compound traditional Chinese medicine preparation has 38 kinds, one of the most commonly used with rhubarb powder (aquatic), Sanhuang powder (aquatic), yellow Baitouweng, Shuanghuang Sophore Flavescentis powder, Galla chinensis powder, plate yellow powder, Qingre scattered (aquatic). There are some in the production practice the application of more: Radix Isatidis powder, Rhizoma Atractylodis Xianglian powder (aquatic), Chai Huangyi Gan San, wear Mei San Huang San, rhubarb Scutellaria fish powder, rhubarb, rhubarb and Herba euphorbiae humifusae gallnut powder at the end of detoxification, fzjds (aquatic), hepatobiliary Likang powder, lotus root and detoxification and tiger Huang mixture, Huanglian jiedusan (aquatic), modified Xiaohuang granule (aquatic), six taste glutinous rehmannia powder (aquatic), six tastes of Huanglong scattered, Longdan Xiegan powder (aquatic), seven tastes of Radix Isatidis powder, green board Phellodendron powder, green even white through scattered, scattered heat (Fisheries use), with Wuhuang powder, isatis root, Scutellaria yinqiao powder blue powder, Pu Gan powder, powder, powder, Qinglian Ching health Radix Isatidis powder of rhubarb, creeper crane grass powder, antiphlogistic Forsythiae powder, stone knowledge diffusion (aquatic).
Kill the parasite class traditional Chinese medicine preparation has 5 kinds, respectively is 100 Cyrtomium fortunei scattered, Sophora powder, omphalia betelnut scattered, insect repellent powder (aquatic), toosendanin tangerine peel powder.
To regulate the body of Chinese herbs has 3 kinds, respectively is benefit stomach powder and shelling of Cuzhang powder, ginseng powder.
Three, the anti parasite drug
Antiparasitic drugs refers to drugs to kill or get rid of aquaculture animal in vivo and in vitro or in aquaculture environment parasitic pathogens.
According to the effect of the drug can be divided into antiprotozoal, anthelmintic, kill crustaceans medicine and the four pests medicine four categories.
According to the parasitic position can be divided into kill parasites parasites in medicine and kill the parasite drug. Parasiticide in vivo using mixed bait feeding method, kill parasite drug to full pool splash way application, also has a specialized parasites can use table mixed bait feed application, also can pool splash Fang Shishi |
